Square Carbide End Mill NDN (standard length)D1 Ø2,5 mm × D2 Ø4 mm × L1 8 mm × L 50 mm × Z4
- D1 — Cutting diameter
- Ø2,5mm
- D2 — Shank diameter
- Ø4mm
- L1 — Flute length
- 8mm
- L — Overall length
- 50mm
- Z — Number of flutes
- 4
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Starting cutting values for FZ.NDN0254
Calculated for a Ø2.5 mm cutting diameter and 4 flutes. Radial engagement is taken as ae = 0.5×D and axial depth of cut as ap = 1×D. Values assume a carbide tool and medium duty conditions; machine rigidity and workholding change the result. These are calculated reference values. They change considerably with the machine, tool holder, clamping and the result you need; applying them remains the responsibility of the user.
| Workpiece material | Vc (m/min) | n (rpm) | fz (mm/tooth) | vf (mm/min) | Suggested coating |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alaşımlı çelik (42CrMo4) | 94 | 12,000 | 0.023 | 1,104 | TiAlN, AlTiN |
| Ostenitik paslanmaz (304/316) | 85 | 10,823 | 0.019 | 801 | AlCrN, AlTiN |
| Alüminyum, dövme (6061/7075) | 94 | 12,000 | 0.045 | 2,160 | Kaplamasız cilalı, DLC |
| Sertleştirilmiş çelik 45–55 HRC | 85 | 10,823 | 0.012 | 519 | nACo/AlTiSiN, AlCrN |
About this size
- Square end mill; used for side milling, slotting and square shoulders. The cutting corner is sharp, so stress concentrates there and edge chipping usually starts at the corner.
- 2.5 mm sits in the micro machining range: reaching the target cutting speed requires very high spindle speed and most machines hit their rpm ceiling, so in practice Vc stays below target. In this range holder runout matters more than the tool itself.
- Length of cut to diameter ratio 3.2; long configuration. Deflection grows with the third power of the unsupported length, so radial engagement must be reduced; the same removal rate is reached with a smaller stepover and higher feed.
- 4 flutes. Table feed is directly proportional to flute count (vf = n x fz x z); when flute count changes, feed per tooth is held constant and table feed is recalculated.
These notes are derived from the geometry and ratios of this size and are general in nature. Machine, holder, clamping and coolant conditions change the outcome considerably.
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